name = "Atlas Commons research objects — civil legal aid capacity for Pennsylvania (FY2025)"
description = "Pennsylvania's LSC-funded civil legal aid capacity from the LSC Basic Field grant directory, with each figure's status labeled so a consuming agent can weight it correctly: the measured LSC records (provider count, awarded grant dollars, service-area types, and the Census-based poverty population LSC allocates by); one computed figure — LSC funding per person in poverty — a transparent ratio neither LSC nor Census publishes, with its formula disclosed; and the interpretive boundary (what this funding/capacity surface is, and is not). Source: LSC Basic Field grant directory. CC0."
license = "CC0-1.0"
jsonld = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/states/pa.jsonld"

[[claims]]
id = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/states/pa/lsc-funding"
warrant = "RECORDED"
name = "9 LSC-funded civil legal aid providers received $19,445,947 in Pennsylvania (FY2025)"
text = "The LSC Basic Field grant directory records 9 LSC-funded civil legal aid grantees in Pennsylvania for fiscal year 2025, awarded $19,445,947 in total. A re-tally of published LSC grant awards."
source = "Legal Services Corporation (LSC) Basic Field grant directory (FY2025)"
sourceUrl = "https://www.lsc.gov/about-lsc/who-we-are/our-grantees"
falsifier = "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from Legal Services Corporation (LSC) Basic Field grant directory (FY2025); superseded when Legal Services Corporation (LSC) Basic Field grant directory (FY2025) publishes its next release."

[[claims]]
id = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/states/pa/poverty-population"
warrant = "RECORDED"
name = "1,636,154 people in poverty live in the LSC service areas covering Pennsylvania (FY2025)"
text = "The poverty population in the LSC Basic Field service areas covering Pennsylvania is 1,636,154, the figure LSC uses to allocate Basic Field grants. A Census/ACS-based poverty count summed across the state's service areas."
source = "Legal Services Corporation (LSC) Basic Field grant directory — poverty population (U.S. Census/ACS)"
sourceUrl = "https://www.lsc.gov/about-lsc/who-we-are/our-grantees"
falsifier = "Re-tally of LSC's published service-area poverty figures (occurred=true), from a named authority — BUT the underlying poverty count is a U.S. Census/ACS SURVEY ESTIMATE with sampling error, not a hard census enumeration. Superseded with each LSC grant cycle / ACS vintage."

[[claims]]
id = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/states/pa/service-area-types"
warrant = "RECORDED"
name = "LSC grant counts by service-area type in Pennsylvania (FY2025): Basic Field 9, Agricultural Worker 1"
text = "Counts of the 9 LSC grants by LSC service-area type: Basic Field 9, Agricultural Worker 1. A count of grants per LSC-defined service-area category."
source = "Legal Services Corporation (LSC) Basic Field grant directory (FY2025)"
sourceUrl = "https://www.lsc.gov/about-lsc/who-we-are/our-grantees"
falsifier = "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from Legal Services Corporation (LSC) Basic Field grant directory (FY2025); superseded when Legal Services Corporation (LSC) Basic Field grant directory (FY2025) publishes its next release."

[[claims]]
id = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/states/pa/funding-per-poverty-person"
warrant = "DERIVED"
name = "LSC civil legal aid funding is $11.89 per person in poverty in Pennsylvania (FY2025) — a derived ratio"
text = "Dividing the $19,445,947 in LSC Basic Field funding for service areas with a reported poverty population by the 1,636,154 people in poverty there yields $11.89 of LSC civil legal aid funding per person in poverty in Pennsylvania. A transparent ratio neither LSC nor Census publishes."
source = "Justice Atlas — derived ratio (LSC allocation ÷ service-area poverty population, over the same set of grants)"
sourceUrl = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/"
falsifier = "occurred=FALSE (a constructed ratio, not an event) and adjudged=FALSE (the atlas's calculation, not an LSC/Census figure). Reproduce it: $19,445,947 ÷ 1,636,154 = $11.89. Falsified if either input is wrong; it counts ONLY LSC Basic Field funding for grants with a reported poverty figure, not total civil legal aid spending, so it understates total per-capita legal aid."

[[claims]]
id = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/states/pa/boundary"
warrant = "INTERPRETATION"
name = "What this legal-aid surface is — and is NOT — for Pennsylvania (the epistemic boundary)"
text = "Every figure above describes LSC Basic Field grant CAPACITY and FUNDING for Pennsylvania (FY2025). It is NOT all civil legal aid (LSC funds only part of the field; it excludes non-LSC legal aid, pro bono, and self-help), NOT a measure of cases handled, outcomes, or unmet need, and NOT a statement of whether you personally qualify for legal aid. For eligibility and help, use LawHelp.org / your local LSC grantee; for the full justice gap, see LSC's Justice Gap research."
source = "Justice Atlas framing (over the LSC facts above)"
sourceUrl = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/"
falsifier = "occurred=FALSE (a framing, not an event) and adjudged=FALSE (the atlas's reading, not an LSC verdict) — the LOWEST-warrant claim here. The figures above are LSC records plus one disclosed derived ratio; the four-status labels each, and this is the only interpretation."

[[claims]]
id = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/states/pa/sol-defamation-libel-slander"
warrant = "RECORDED"
name = "Pennsylvania sets a 1 year civil statute of limitations for defamation (libel / slander) (42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5523(1))"
text = "Under 42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5523(1), the civil statute of limitations for defamation (libel / slander) in Pennsylvania is 1 year. Note: Covers libel/slander/invasion of privacy.. This is the STATUTE as written (verify at the cited code), last verified 2026-04-29 — NOT a calculation of any person's actual deadline, which depends on accrual and tolling."
source = "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)"
sourceUrl = "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/42/00.055.023.000..HTM"
falsifier = "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026); superseded when CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026) publishes its next release."

[[claims]]
id = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/states/pa/sol-fraud"
warrant = "RECORDED"
name = "Pennsylvania sets a 2 years civil statute of limitations for fraud (42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(7))"
text = "Under 42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(7), the civil statute of limitations for fraud in Pennsylvania is 2 years. Note: a discovery rule may apply (the clock may start at discovery, not occurrence); Subsection (7) covers tortious conduct including deceit or fraud.. This is the STATUTE as written (verify at the cited code), last verified 2026-04-29 — NOT a calculation of any person's actual deadline, which depends on accrual and tolling."
source = "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)"
sourceUrl = "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/42/00.055.024.000..HTM"
falsifier = "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026); superseded when CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026) publishes its next release."

[[claims]]
id = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/states/pa/sol-medical-malpractice"
warrant = "RECORDED"
name = "Pennsylvania sets a 2 years civil statute of limitations for medical malpractice (42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(2))"
text = "Under 42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(2), the civil statute of limitations for medical malpractice in Pennsylvania is 2 years. Note: a discovery rule may apply (the clock may start at discovery, not occurrence); Minors have until age 20; foreign-object exception under MCARE.. This is the STATUTE as written (verify at the cited code), last verified 2026-04-29 — NOT a calculation of any person's actual deadline, which depends on accrual and tolling."
source = "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)"
sourceUrl = "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/42/00.055.024.000..HTM"
falsifier = "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026); superseded when CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026) publishes its next release."

[[claims]]
id = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/states/pa/sol-personal-injury"
warrant = "RECORDED"
name = "Pennsylvania sets a 2 years civil statute of limitations for personal injury (42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524)"
text = "Under 42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524, the civil statute of limitations for personal injury in Pennsylvania is 2 years. Note: Asbestos exposure has specific accrual under § 5524(7).. This is the STATUTE as written (verify at the cited code), last verified 2026-04-29 — NOT a calculation of any person's actual deadline, which depends on accrual and tolling."
source = "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)"
sourceUrl = "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/42/00.055.024.000..HTM"
falsifier = "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026); superseded when CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026) publishes its next release."

[[claims]]
id = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/states/pa/sol-product-liability"
warrant = "RECORDED"
name = "Pennsylvania sets a 2 years civil statute of limitations for product liability (42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(2))"
text = "Under 42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(2), the civil statute of limitations for product liability in Pennsylvania is 2 years. Note: Strict-liability and negligence theories share 2-year SOL.. This is the STATUTE as written (verify at the cited code), last verified 2026-04-29 — NOT a calculation of any person's actual deadline, which depends on accrual and tolling."
source = "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)"
sourceUrl = "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/42/00.055.024.000..HTM"
falsifier = "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026); superseded when CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026) publishes its next release."

[[claims]]
id = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/states/pa/sol-property-damage"
warrant = "RECORDED"
name = "Pennsylvania sets a 2 years civil statute of limitations for property damage (42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(3))"
text = "Under 42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(3), the civil statute of limitations for property damage in Pennsylvania is 2 years. Note: Includes trespass to chattels.. This is the STATUTE as written (verify at the cited code), last verified 2026-04-29 — NOT a calculation of any person's actual deadline, which depends on accrual and tolling."
source = "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)"
sourceUrl = "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/42/00.055.024.000..HTM"
falsifier = "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026); superseded when CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026) publishes its next release."

[[claims]]
id = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/states/pa/sol-wrongful-death"
warrant = "RECORDED"
name = "Pennsylvania sets a 2 years from death civil statute of limitations for wrongful death (42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(2))"
text = "Under 42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5524(2), the civil statute of limitations for wrongful death in Pennsylvania is 2 years from death. Note: Survival actions also subject to same 2-year SOL.. This is the STATUTE as written (verify at the cited code), last verified 2026-04-29 — NOT a calculation of any person's actual deadline, which depends on accrual and tolling."
source = "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)"
sourceUrl = "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/42/00.055.024.000..HTM"
falsifier = "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026); superseded when CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026) publishes its next release."

[[claims]]
id = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/states/pa/sol-contract-oral"
warrant = "RECORDED"
name = "Pennsylvania sets a 4 years civil statute of limitations for contract oral (42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5525(a)(3))"
text = "Under 42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5525(a)(3), the civil statute of limitations for contract oral in Pennsylvania is 4 years. Note: Same 4-year SOL applies to written and oral express contracts.. This is the STATUTE as written (verify at the cited code), last verified 2026-04-29 — NOT a calculation of any person's actual deadline, which depends on accrual and tolling."
source = "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)"
sourceUrl = "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/42/00.055.025.000..HTM"
falsifier = "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026); superseded when CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026) publishes its next release."

[[claims]]
id = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/states/pa/sol-contract-written"
warrant = "RECORDED"
name = "Pennsylvania sets a 4 years civil statute of limitations for contract written (42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5525(a)(8))"
text = "Under 42 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5525(a)(8), the civil statute of limitations for contract written in Pennsylvania is 4 years. Note: Instruments under seal use 20-year SOL under § 5529(b).. This is the STATUTE as written (verify at the cited code), last verified 2026-04-29 — NOT a calculation of any person's actual deadline, which depends on accrual and tolling."
source = "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)"
sourceUrl = "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/42/00.055.025.000..HTM"
falsifier = "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026); superseded when CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026) publishes its next release."

[[claims]]
id = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/states/pa/sol-boundary"
warrant = "INTERPRETATION"
name = "Why these statute-of-limitations periods are NOT your deadline (the L5 boundary)"
text = "The periods above are the statutes Pennsylvania has on the books. They do NOT tell you YOUR deadline. When a claim \"accrues\" (starts the clock), whether the discovery rule, tolling, a minor/incapacity, or a statute of repose changes it, and which cause of action even applies, are fact-specific legal determinations. A missed deadline can permanently bar a claim. This atlas informs and routes — it is not legal advice and not a substitute for a licensed attorney. If you may have a claim, consult an attorney in Pennsylvania immediately; for free civil legal aid see this state's legal-aid page."
source = "Justice Atlas framing (over the statutes above)"
sourceUrl = "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/"
falsifier = "occurred=FALSE (a framing/legal boundary, not an event) and adjudged=FALSE (the atlas's reading, not a court's ruling on any case) — the lowest-warrant claim. The period+citation claims above are recorded statutes (verifiable at the cited code); this boundary is the only interpretation on the SOL data."

[[legalAidIndicators]]
indicator = "LSC-funded providers (distinct organizations)"
value = 9
warrant = "RECORDED"
source = "Legal Services Corporation (LSC) Basic Field grant directory"

[[legalAidIndicators]]
indicator = "LSC service-area grants"
value = 10
warrant = "RECORDED"
source = "Legal Services Corporation (LSC) Basic Field grant directory"

[[legalAidIndicators]]
indicator = "Total LSC allocation (USD)"
value = 19445947
warrant = "RECORDED"
source = "Legal Services Corporation (LSC) Basic Field grant directory"

[[legalAidIndicators]]
indicator = "Poverty population in service areas"
value = 1636154
warrant = "RECORDED"
source = "Legal Services Corporation (LSC) Basic Field grant directory (U.S. Census/ACS)"

[[legalAidIndicators]]
indicator = "LSC funding per person in poverty (USD)"
value = 11.885156898433767
warrant = "DERIVED"
source = "Justice Atlas — allocation ÷ poverty population"

[[legalAidIndicators]]
indicator = "Fiscal year"
value = 2025
warrant = "—"
source = "Legal Services Corporation (LSC) Basic Field grant directory"

[[serviceAreaTypes]]
service_area_type = "Basic Field"
grant_count = 9

[[serviceAreaTypes]]
service_area_type = "Agricultural Worker"
grant_count = 1

[[providers]]
organization = "MidPenn Legal Services, Inc."
service_area = "PA-25"
service_area_type = "Basic Field"
allocation_usd = 3765838
poverty_population = 317563

[[providers]]
organization = "Philadelphia Legal Assistance Center"
service_area = "PA-1"
service_area_type = "Basic Field"
allocation_usd = 3532146
poverty_population = 297856

[[providers]]
organization = "North Penn Legal Services, Inc."
service_area = "PA-24"
service_area_type = "Basic Field"
allocation_usd = 3094290
poverty_population = 260933

[[providers]]
organization = "Legal Aid of Southeastern Pennsylvania"
service_area = "PA-23"
service_area_type = "Basic Field"
allocation_usd = 2249087
poverty_population = 189659

[[providers]]
organization = "Neighborhood Legal Services Association"
service_area = "PA-8"
service_area_type = "Basic Field"
allocation_usd = 2127050
poverty_population = 179368

[[providers]]
organization = "Summit Legal Aid"
service_area = "PA-27"
service_area_type = "Basic Field"
allocation_usd = 1632271
poverty_population = 137645

[[providers]]
organization = "Laurel Legal Services, Inc."
service_area = "PA-5"
service_area_type = "Basic Field"
allocation_usd = 1005832
poverty_population = 82578

[[providers]]
organization = "Northwestern Legal Services"
service_area = "PA-26"
service_area_type = "Basic Field"
allocation_usd = 912334
poverty_population = 76935

[[providers]]
organization = "Southwestern Pennsylvania Legal Services, Inc."
service_area = "PA-11"
service_area_type = "Basic Field"
allocation_usd = 640941
poverty_population = 52621

[[providers]]
organization = "Philadelphia Legal Assistance Center"
service_area = "MPA"
service_area_type = "Agricultural Worker"
allocation_usd = 486158
poverty_population = 40996
