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  "name": "Atlas Commons research objects — civil statute-of-limitations deadlines for Virginia",
  "description": "Virginia's civil statute-of-limitations periods for 9 common causes of action, each as a recorded claim carrying the statute citation and URL so a consuming agent can verify it at the cited code — plus the single interpretive L5 boundary: these are the statutes as written, NOT any person's actual deadline (accrual, the discovery rule, tolling, and statutes of repose are fact-specific legal determinations). The atlas informs and routes to counsel; it never computes a deadline. Source: CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026). CC0.",
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    "name": "Virginia",
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    {
      "@id": "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/sol/va/sol-defamation-libel-slander",
      "@type": "schema:Claim",
      "name": "Virginia sets a 1 year civil statute of limitations for defamation (libel / slander) (Va. Code § 8.01-247.1)",
      "text": "Under Va. Code § 8.01-247.1, the civil statute of limitations for defamation (libel / slander) in Virginia is 1 year. Note: Covers libel, slander, insulting words, defamation.. This is the STATUTE as written (verify at the cited code), last verified 2026-04-29 — NOT a calculation of any person's actual deadline, which depends on accrual and tolling.",
      "claimType": "official_fact",
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        "source": "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)",
        "sourceUrl": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter4/section8.01-247.1/",
        "value": "Defamation (libel / slander): 1 year (Va. Code § 8.01-247.1)",
        "adjudicator": {
          "name": "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)",
          "url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter4/section8.01-247.1/"
        }
      },
      "falsifier": "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026); superseded when CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026) publishes its next release."
    },
    {
      "@id": "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/sol/va/sol-fraud",
      "@type": "schema:Claim",
      "name": "Virginia sets a 2 years civil statute of limitations for fraud (Va. Code § 8.01-243(A))",
      "text": "Under Va. Code § 8.01-243(A), the civil statute of limitations for fraud in Virginia is 2 years. Note: Statute § 8.01-249(1) sets the accrual rule for fraud.. This is the STATUTE as written (verify at the cited code), last verified 2026-04-29 — NOT a calculation of any person's actual deadline, which depends on accrual and tolling.",
      "claimType": "official_fact",
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      "epistemicStatus": {
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      "grounding": {
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        "source": "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)",
        "sourceUrl": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter4/section8.01-243/",
        "value": "Fraud: 2 years (Va. Code § 8.01-243(A))",
        "adjudicator": {
          "name": "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)",
          "url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter4/section8.01-243/"
        }
      },
      "falsifier": "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026); superseded when CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026) publishes its next release."
    },
    {
      "@id": "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/sol/va/sol-medical-malpractice",
      "@type": "schema:Claim",
      "name": "Virginia sets a 2 years civil statute of limitations for medical malpractice (Va. Code § 8.01-243(A) & (C))",
      "text": "Under Va. Code § 8.01-243(A) & (C), the civil statute of limitations for medical malpractice in Virginia is 2 years. Note: an outer statute of repose of 10 year(s) may also bar the claim; One-year extension from discovery for foreign object or concealment.. This is the STATUTE as written (verify at the cited code), last verified 2026-04-29 — NOT a calculation of any person's actual deadline, which depends on accrual and tolling.",
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        "sourceUrl": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter4/section8.01-243/",
        "value": "Medical malpractice: 2 years (Va. Code § 8.01-243(A) & (C))",
        "adjudicator": {
          "name": "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)",
          "url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter4/section8.01-243/"
        }
      },
      "falsifier": "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026); superseded when CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026) publishes its next release."
    },
    {
      "@id": "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/sol/va/sol-personal-injury",
      "@type": "schema:Claim",
      "name": "Virginia sets a 2 years civil statute of limitations for personal injury (Va. Code § 8.01-243(A))",
      "text": "Under Va. Code § 8.01-243(A), the civil statute of limitations for personal injury in Virginia is 2 years. Note: Covers all personal-injury theories of recovery.. This is the STATUTE as written (verify at the cited code), last verified 2026-04-29 — NOT a calculation of any person's actual deadline, which depends on accrual and tolling.",
      "claimType": "official_fact",
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      "epistemicStatus": {
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        "sourceUrl": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter4/section8.01-243/",
        "value": "Personal injury: 2 years (Va. Code § 8.01-243(A))",
        "adjudicator": {
          "name": "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)",
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      "falsifier": "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026); superseded when CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026) publishes its next release."
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    {
      "@id": "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/sol/va/sol-product-liability",
      "@type": "schema:Claim",
      "name": "Virginia sets a 2 years (injury) / 5 years (property) civil statute of limitations for product liability (Va. Code § 8.01-243)",
      "text": "Under Va. Code § 8.01-243, the civil statute of limitations for product liability in Virginia is 2 years (injury) / 5 years (property). Note: Virginia has no general products statute of repose.. This is the STATUTE as written (verify at the cited code), last verified 2026-04-29 — NOT a calculation of any person's actual deadline, which depends on accrual and tolling.",
      "claimType": "official_fact",
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      "epistemicStatus": {
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      "grounding": {
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        "sourceUrl": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter4/section8.01-243/",
        "value": "Product liability: 2 years (injury) / 5 years (property) (Va. Code § 8.01-243)",
        "adjudicator": {
          "name": "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)",
          "url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter4/section8.01-243/"
        }
      },
      "falsifier": "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026); superseded when CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026) publishes its next release."
    },
    {
      "@id": "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/sol/va/sol-wrongful-death",
      "@type": "schema:Claim",
      "name": "Virginia sets a 2 years civil statute of limitations for wrongful death (Va. Code § 8.01-244)",
      "text": "Under Va. Code § 8.01-244, the civil statute of limitations for wrongful death in Virginia is 2 years. Note: Brought by personal representative under § 8.01-50.. This is the STATUTE as written (verify at the cited code), last verified 2026-04-29 — NOT a calculation of any person's actual deadline, which depends on accrual and tolling.",
      "claimType": "official_fact",
      "reviewStatus": "current",
      "commercialInfluence": false,
      "epistemicStatus": {
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      "grounding": {
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        "source": "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)",
        "sourceUrl": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter4/section8.01-244/",
        "value": "Wrongful death: 2 years (Va. Code § 8.01-244)",
        "adjudicator": {
          "name": "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)",
          "url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter4/section8.01-244/"
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      },
      "falsifier": "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026); superseded when CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026) publishes its next release."
    },
    {
      "@id": "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/sol/va/sol-contract-oral",
      "@type": "schema:Claim",
      "name": "Virginia sets a 3 years civil statute of limitations for contract oral (Va. Code § 8.01-246(4))",
      "text": "Under Va. Code § 8.01-246(4), the civil statute of limitations for contract oral in Virginia is 3 years. Note: Unwritten or unsigned contracts.. This is the STATUTE as written (verify at the cited code), last verified 2026-04-29 — NOT a calculation of any person's actual deadline, which depends on accrual and tolling.",
      "claimType": "official_fact",
      "reviewStatus": "current",
      "commercialInfluence": false,
      "epistemicStatus": {
        "occurred": true,
        "supported": true,
        "adjudged": true,
        "operative": true
      },
      "grounding": {
        "groundingType": "SourceCitation",
        "source": "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)",
        "sourceUrl": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter4/section8.01-246/",
        "value": "Contract oral: 3 years (Va. Code § 8.01-246(4))",
        "adjudicator": {
          "name": "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)",
          "url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter4/section8.01-246/"
        }
      },
      "falsifier": "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026); superseded when CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026) publishes its next release."
    },
    {
      "@id": "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/sol/va/sol-contract-written",
      "@type": "schema:Claim",
      "name": "Virginia sets a 5 years civil statute of limitations for contract written (Va. Code § 8.01-246(2))",
      "text": "Under Va. Code § 8.01-246(2), the civil statute of limitations for contract written in Virginia is 5 years. Note: Signed written contract.. This is the STATUTE as written (verify at the cited code), last verified 2026-04-29 — NOT a calculation of any person's actual deadline, which depends on accrual and tolling.",
      "claimType": "official_fact",
      "reviewStatus": "current",
      "commercialInfluence": false,
      "epistemicStatus": {
        "occurred": true,
        "supported": true,
        "adjudged": true,
        "operative": true
      },
      "grounding": {
        "groundingType": "SourceCitation",
        "source": "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)",
        "sourceUrl": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter4/section8.01-246/",
        "value": "Contract written: 5 years (Va. Code § 8.01-246(2))",
        "adjudicator": {
          "name": "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)",
          "url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter4/section8.01-246/"
        }
      },
      "falsifier": "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026); superseded when CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026) publishes its next release."
    },
    {
      "@id": "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/sol/va/sol-property-damage",
      "@type": "schema:Claim",
      "name": "Virginia sets a 5 years civil statute of limitations for property damage (Va. Code § 8.01-243(B))",
      "text": "Under Va. Code § 8.01-243(B), the civil statute of limitations for property damage in Virginia is 5 years. Note: Five-year period for injury to property.. This is the STATUTE as written (verify at the cited code), last verified 2026-04-29 — NOT a calculation of any person's actual deadline, which depends on accrual and tolling.",
      "claimType": "official_fact",
      "reviewStatus": "current",
      "commercialInfluence": false,
      "epistemicStatus": {
        "occurred": true,
        "supported": true,
        "adjudged": true,
        "operative": true
      },
      "grounding": {
        "groundingType": "SourceCitation",
        "source": "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)",
        "sourceUrl": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter4/section8.01-243/",
        "value": "Property damage: 5 years (Va. Code § 8.01-243(B))",
        "adjudicator": {
          "name": "CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026)",
          "url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title8.01/chapter4/section8.01-243/"
        }
      },
      "falsifier": "A RECORD of measured/reported events (occurred=true) from CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026); superseded when CaseFleet Civil Statute-of-Limitations Reference (2026) publishes its next release."
    },
    {
      "@id": "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/justice/sol/va/sol-boundary",
      "@type": "schema:Claim",
      "name": "Why these statute-of-limitations periods are NOT your deadline (the L5 boundary)",
      "text": "The periods above are the statutes Virginia has on the books. They do NOT tell you YOUR deadline. When a claim \"accrues\" (starts the clock), whether the discovery rule, tolling, a minor/incapacity, or a statute of repose changes it, and which cause of action even applies, are fact-specific legal determinations. A missed deadline can permanently bar a claim. This atlas informs and routes — it is not legal advice and not a substitute for a licensed attorney. If you may have a claim, consult an attorney in Virginia immediately; for free civil legal aid see this state's legal-aid page.",
      "claimType": "interpretation",
      "reviewStatus": "current",
      "commercialInfluence": false,
      "epistemicStatus": {
        "occurred": false,
        "supported": true,
        "adjudged": false,
        "operative": true
      },
      "grounding": {
        "groundingType": "Interpretation",
        "source": "Justice Atlas framing (over the statutes above)",
        "sourceUrl": "https://justice-atlas.ryanjhunter.workers.dev/",
        "value": "the statute as written, NOT your deadline; accrual/tolling are fact-specific — consult counsel",
        "adjudicator": null
      },
      "falsifier": "occurred=FALSE (a framing/legal boundary, not an event) and adjudged=FALSE (the atlas's reading, not a court's ruling on any case) — the lowest-warrant claim. The period+citation claims above are recorded statutes (verifiable at the cited code); this boundary is the only interpretation."
    }
  ],
  "hasPart": [
    {
      "@type": "schema:ItemList",
      "name": "Civil filing deadlines in Virginia — statutes as written",
      "numberOfItems": 9,
      "itemListElement": [
        {
          "@type": "schema:ListItem",
          "position": 1,
          "item": {
            "Claim": "Defamation (libel / slander)",
            "Deadline": "1 year",
            "Statute": "Va. Code § 8.01-247.1",
            "Notes": "Covers libel, slander, insulting words, defamation.",
            "Warrant": "RECORDED"
          }
        },
        {
          "@type": "schema:ListItem",
          "position": 2,
          "item": {
            "Claim": "Fraud",
            "Deadline": "2 years",
            "Statute": "Va. Code § 8.01-243(A)",
            "Notes": "Statute § 8.01-249(1) sets the accrual rule for fraud.",
            "Warrant": "RECORDED"
          }
        },
        {
          "@type": "schema:ListItem",
          "position": 3,
          "item": {
            "Claim": "Medical malpractice",
            "Deadline": "2 years",
            "Statute": "Va. Code § 8.01-243(A) & (C)",
            "Notes": "repose 10y; One-year extension from discovery for foreign object or concealment.",
            "Warrant": "RECORDED"
          }
        },
        {
          "@type": "schema:ListItem",
          "position": 4,
          "item": {
            "Claim": "Personal injury",
            "Deadline": "2 years",
            "Statute": "Va. Code § 8.01-243(A)",
            "Notes": "Covers all personal-injury theories of recovery.",
            "Warrant": "RECORDED"
          }
        },
        {
          "@type": "schema:ListItem",
          "position": 5,
          "item": {
            "Claim": "Product liability",
            "Deadline": "2 years (injury) / 5 years (property)",
            "Statute": "Va. Code § 8.01-243",
            "Notes": "Virginia has no general products statute of repose.",
            "Warrant": "RECORDED"
          }
        },
        {
          "@type": "schema:ListItem",
          "position": 6,
          "item": {
            "Claim": "Wrongful death",
            "Deadline": "2 years",
            "Statute": "Va. Code § 8.01-244",
            "Notes": "Brought by personal representative under § 8.01-50.",
            "Warrant": "RECORDED"
          }
        },
        {
          "@type": "schema:ListItem",
          "position": 7,
          "item": {
            "Claim": "Contract oral",
            "Deadline": "3 years",
            "Statute": "Va. Code § 8.01-246(4)",
            "Notes": "Unwritten or unsigned contracts.",
            "Warrant": "RECORDED"
          }
        },
        {
          "@type": "schema:ListItem",
          "position": 8,
          "item": {
            "Claim": "Contract written",
            "Deadline": "5 years",
            "Statute": "Va. Code § 8.01-246(2)",
            "Notes": "Signed written contract.",
            "Warrant": "RECORDED"
          }
        },
        {
          "@type": "schema:ListItem",
          "position": 9,
          "item": {
            "Claim": "Property damage",
            "Deadline": "5 years",
            "Statute": "Va. Code § 8.01-243(B)",
            "Notes": "Five-year period for injury to property.",
            "Warrant": "RECORDED"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}